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| To Invinitive |
INFINITIVE
Invinitive adalah kata kerja dasar dalam bahasa inggris
dapat dinyatakan dengan partikel to (to see, to go, to make, etc) ataupin yanpa
partikel yang dikenal dengan sebutan Bare Infinitive
Penggunaan-penggunaan infinite :
1.
Setelah kata sifat (adjective)
Contoh
I
am happy to meet you
He
is sure to come
We
are sorry to hear the news
It
was hard to understand the lesson
It
is necessary to study grammar
2.
Setelah kata-kata how, what, when,where, which,
whether. Penggunaan ini setelah kata
kerja : ask, decide,forget, remember, know, learn, show, understand, want to
know, wonder, think.
Contoh
I
forget how to open the safe
I
know where to buy fruits cheaply
We
ask him when to leave
I
have to think what to do with the money
They
want to know which grammar book to buy
3.
Setelah kata-kata kerja transitive antara lain :
to advise :
Menasihati
to allow : mengizinkan
to ask :
menyuruh
to compel :
memaksa
to encourage : mendorong (memberi semangat)
to forbid :
melarang
to force :
memaksa
to instruct :
memberi perintah
to invite :
mengundang,mengajak
to order :
memerintahkan
to persuade :
membujuk
to remind :
mengingatkan
to tell :
mengatakan, menceritakan
to urge :
mendesak
Contoh :
He adviced me to call in a doctor
They completed us to do that work
I expect her to arrive on time
She forbade him to come to her house
He persuaded her to go with him
She reminded me to drive slowly
4.
Setelah kata –kata the first, the second, the last, the only, etc
Contoh
He is always the first to come and the last
to leave
Jhon was the second man to arrive at the
meeting
He was the first man to swim across the
atlantic
She was the only one to survive in the
accident
Mary was the only to fail the examination
5.
Setelah kata benda (noun)
Contoh:
I have some letters to write
Would you like something to drink?
She can’t go to the party, because she
doesn’t have
Any new dress to wear
Do you have something to eat?
We have much to work to do during this week
6.
Setelah
kata-kata too dan enough (= terlalu dan cukup)
Contoh:
She is too young to
understand
He was too drunk to drive home
The tea is too hot to drink
She is old enough to get married
The man is strong enough to lift the heavy
box
7.
Setelah Exclamatory sentence
Contoh :
How happy to go with her
How nice to sit by your side
How interesting to speak with him !
What a pity to waste time for it !
What a mistake to spend so much money on it
!
What a foolish to agree to that proposal !
8.
Infinitive sebagai subject (pokok kalimat)
Contoh :
To obey the law is everyone’s duty
To save money now is very important
To hesitate will be fatal
To do everything well is necessary
To complain about the matter is useless
9.
Infinitive sebagai Passive verbal (kata kerja pasif)
Structure :
To be + Past Parciple
Contoh :
I don’t want to be disturbed when I am
working
My sister doesn’t like to be asked to clean
the room
The students don’t want to be given much
homework during the weekend
Jhon doesn’t like to be woken up early
They dislike to be advised
Continous Invinitive
Digunakan setelah kata-kata kerja : appear,
happen,pretend,seem, unutk menyatakan bahwa suatu kejadian sedang berlangsung
Structure : to be + -ING form
Example :
I happened to be
passing when the accident took place
He seems to be living
in this area
She appears to be waiting for someone
The students pretended to be studying when the teacher
entered the class
Perfect Infinitive
Bedanya dengan Continous Infinitive ialah perbuatan yang dinyatakan dengan Perfect Infinitive
Terjadi lebih awal
Structure: to have +Past Participle
Example :
I happened to have
driven this kind of car before
He seemed to have been a great athlete
She pretended to have seen it before
They appeared to have climbed the mountain
She seemed to have heard about it already
Beberapa kata kerja yang langsung diikuti oleh infinitive
antara lain :
To agree :
setuju
To appear :
nampaknya
To arrange :
mengatur
To choose :
memilih
To decide :
memutuskan
To demand :
menuntut
To determine :
menentukan
To fail :
gagal
To forget :
lupa
To happen :
kebetulan
To hesitate :
ragu-ragu
To hope :
mengharap
To manage :
berhasil
To plan :
merencanakan
To promise :
berjanji
To refuse :
menolak
Contoh :
We agree to cooperate with them
He dicided to change his job
They demand to pay the bill in cash
I failed to meet the director
She hopes to pass the examination
Jhon plans to spend his holiday in Bali
The students promised to obey the new rules
The man refused to pay his debt
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